The Global Picture: Criminalization and Progress

In many parts of the world, LGBTI individuals face severe discrimination. Criminalization of same-sex relationships, hate speech, and physical violence are still common. On the other hand, international organizations, including the EU, are pushing for change. 

For example

• The EU led a declaration at the United Nations calling for the global decriminalization of homosexuality.
• Advocacy groups and human rights campaigns continue to fight against discriminatory laws and practices.

While progress is being made, challenges remain widespread, especially in countries where being openly LGBTI is punishable by law.

The Impact of Discrimination on Gay Individuals

Discrimination isn’t just hurtful—it’s harmful. It affects mental health, economic stability, and community cohesion.

• Mental Health: Studies show that LGBTQ+ individuals are significantly more likely to experience anxiety, depression, and suicidal ideation due to stigma and exclusion.
• Economic Toll: Workplace bias limits opportunities, often leading to underemployment or economic instability.
• Social Isolation: Fear of judgment or rejection can drive people to conceal their identity, cutting them off from support networks.

But amidst these challenges are stories of resilience. Communities have come together to fight back, creating safe spaces and advocating for change, proving that adversity can spark transformation.

LGBTI in the EU: Progress and Challenges
The reality on the ground for our legal and social protections vary widely:

• Advancements: Countries like Malta and Iceland top the Rainbow Map for their robust anti-discrimination laws, marriage equality, and bans on harmful practices like conversion therapy.
• Setbacks: On the other end, nations like Russia and Azerbaijan continue to criminalize LGBTQ+ identities, exacerbating risks of violence and exclusion.

The progress we see today is largely due to tireless advocacy by LGBTQ+ groups. However, the fight isn’t over. Even in progressive countries, gaps remain—such as a lack of full legal recognition for same-sex families in some regions.

Many LGBTI individuals still face discrimination in daily life. 

For example:

• At work: 21% of LGBTI respondents reported discrimination in 2019.
• In public spaces: 58% experienced harassment, up from 45% in 2012.
• Visibility: While 52% of respondents over 18 are open about their identity, 61% avoid holding hands with a same-sex partner in public due to fear of harassment.
• Transgender and intersex individuals face even higher rates of discrimination and violence compared to other LGBTI groups.

But it is also important to show the highlights

• In 2021, the EU declared itself an “LGBTIQ Freedom Zone” in response to anti-LGBTI actions, such as Poland’s creation of “LGBTI-free zones.”
• The EU’s LGBTIQ Equality Strategy (2020–2025) focuses on tackling discrimination, promoting safe and inclusive education, and ensuring equal rights for LGBTI families across Europe.

The Path Forward:  Strategies for Combating Discrimination

Change starts with action, and everyone has a role to play. Here’s how:

• Advocate for Policy Change: Push for inclusive policies in workplaces, schools, and healthcare. Engage with organizations that lobby for LGBTQ+ rights.
• Educate Yourself and Others: Read about LGBTQ+ history and issues. Challenge stereotypes when you hear them, and encourage open conversations.
• Be an Ally: Show support by attending Pride events, donating to LGBTQ+ charities, or simply being a visible advocate in your circles.
• Create Safe Spaces: Whether it’s in the workplace, at school, or within friend groups, foster an environment where people feel respected and valued for who they are.
• Report Discrimination: If you or someone you know experiences discrimination, document it and report it to appropriate authorities, like equality bodies or human rights organizations.

This is more than a legal or political issue—it’s about human dignity and fairness. A society that values equality for all its members is a stronger, more inclusive, and more just society. By continuing to push for progress, we can build a future where everyone, regardless of their identity, can live authentically and without fear.

All 49 European countries are evaluated every year on their laws and policies supporting LGBTI rights, using a scale from 0-100%. The results show big differences across Europe: while some countries are making progress, others are falling behind.

Best scores are Malta (#1 for 9 years straight) Iceland, and Belgium. Lowest score Russia, Azerbaijan and Turkey. Russia banned legal gender recognition and trans healthcare.  Within the EU, Poland scores lowest (18%), followed by Romania (19%) and Bulgaria (23%).

Conversion Practices are only banned in 10 countries.

• 6 countries have no Anti-Discrimination laws to protect LGBTI people.
• 21 countries allow same-sex marriage.
• 18 countries have no legal recognition for same-sex relationships.
• 10 countries offer no way for trans people to change their legal gender, and some (e.g., Bulgaria, Hungary) make it outright illegal.
• In 13 countries, LGBTI groups face restrictions or attacks on their right to organize events.
   

Discrimination against gay individuals is a challenge we all have the power to address. By educating ourselves, standing in solidarity, and taking action, we can create a world where everyone is free to live authentically.

Remember, progress is possible when we work together. It’s not just about tolerance—it’s about celebration, respect, and equality for all. Let’s be part of the change.

If you’re ready to take action, scroll down for practical steps to make a difference today and then for the rainbow map and index and the EU strategy to battle the topic